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在中国戏曲史上,元、明、清三代数以千计的杂剧、传奇,有一半以上是采用历史题材进行创作的。虽然其中大多数作品,从严格意义上说,很难叫做历史剧,但这种现象却表明我国有着较长的创作历史剧传统。评价这些历史剧的得失,探讨它们的创作特色,总结其中可供借鉴的艺术经验,为繁荣今天的历史剧创作服务,无疑是很有意义的一项工作。基于这种动机,本文试以古代几部有代表性的历史剧为主要分析对象,对它们塑造典型形象的艺术方法作一初步探讨。
In the history of Chinese opera, more than half of the thousands of dramas and legends of the Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties were created by historical themes. Although most of these works, in a strict sense, are hardly called historical plays, this phenomenon shows that our country has a long tradition of creating historical plays. Appraising the pros and cons of these historical plays, discussing their creative features, concluding the art experience available for reference and serving the prosperity of today’s historical drama creations is undoubtedly a very meaningful task. Based on this motivation, this article tries to take the ancient representative of several historical drama as the main analysis of their typical methods of shaping the image of a preliminary approach.