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目的了解陕西省流行性腮腺炎的流行病学特征,为进一步防控提供参考依据。方法对陕西省2007-2011年流行性腮腺炎报告病例和暴发疫情资料进行描述性分析。结果 2007-2011年陕西省流行性腮腺炎年平均发病率为29.79/10万,每年4～7月和11月至翌年1月为2个发病高峰,男女发病率比为1.56∶1,病例主要集中在3～14岁儿童,流行性腮腺炎暴发疫情主要发生在学校,尤其是小学。结论陕西省流行性腮腺炎发病率较高,学龄儿童是发病的主要人群,学校聚集性发病为其主要特征。应进一步完善儿童麻疹-腮腺炎-风疹(mea-sles-mumps-rubella,MMR)联合疫苗的免疫接种,加强对学校、幼托机构的防控力度,建议在入学、入托时查验接种证并对未免疫儿童进行补种,并做好暴发疫情的早期处置,有效降低流行性腮腺炎发病率。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of mumps in Shaanxi Province and provide reference for further prevention and control. Methods Descriptive analysis of the reported cases and outbreaks of mumps from 2007 to 2011 in Shaanxi Province. Results The average annual incidence of mumps in Shaanxi Province during 2007-2011 was 29.79 / 100 000. The peak incidence was from April to July and from November to January of the following year. The incidence rate of male to female was 1.56: 1. The main cases Concentrated in children aged 3 to 14, mumps outbreaks occur mainly in schools, especially primary schools. Conclusions The morbidity of mumps is high in Shaanxi Province. School-age children are the main population of the disease, and the incidence of school-gathering is the main feature. Vaccination should be further improved in children with measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) combination vaccine to strengthen the prevention and control of schools and childcare institutions, and it is suggested that vaccination certificates should be checked at enrollment and admission. Unincorporated children are replanted, and early disposal of the outbreak is well done to effectively reduce the incidence of mumps.