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多国共有遗传资源的惠益分享是全球多边惠益分享机制谈判中的重要议题。我国邻国众多,掌握我国与邻国共有药用植物的数量和空间分布格局是我国参加全球多边惠益分享机制谈判应当关注的焦点问题。本文对我国与邻国共有药用植物的地理分布格局进行了分析。结果表明,我国药用植物多与东南亚、东北亚及南亚的国家(地区)所共有,其中与越南共有的药用植物数量最多(220种),其次为日本(144种),再次为缅甸(75种),第4为印度(42种),我国与邻国共有药用植物呈现地区集中性。由此得出的结论有:(1)与亚洲国家(地区)探讨建立次区域性质的多边惠益分享机制对于我国具有重要意义和价值;(2)应重视与东南亚、南亚和东北亚等共有药用植物较多国家(地区)的双边合作;(3)由于《名古屋议定书》跨界合作条款短时间内难以发挥作用,目前应支持多边惠益分享机制的讨论,为我国完善国内立法和推动次区域谈判争取时间。
Benefit-sharing of multi-country shared genetic resources is an important issue in the negotiations of the global multilateral benefit-sharing mechanism. The large number of neighboring countries in our country and the grasping of the number and spatial distribution pattern of the medicinal plants in common with neighboring countries in our country are the focus of our negotiations on the multilateral multilateral benefit-sharing mechanism. This article analyzes the geographical distribution patterns of medicinal plants in China and neighboring countries. The results showed that medicinal plants in China were mostly common with countries in Southeast Asia, Northeast Asia and South Asia. Among them, medicinal plants shared the highest number (220) with Vietnam, followed by Japan (144) and again Myanmar 75 species), India is the fourth (42 species) and our country has the regional concentration of medicinal plants with neighboring countries. The conclusions drawn from this are: (1) exploring the establishment of a multilateral benefit-sharing mechanism of sub-regional nature with Asian countries is of great significance and value to our country; (2) attaching importance to sharing with Southeast Asia, South Asia and Northeast Asia (3) As the provisions of the Nagoya Protocol on cross-border cooperation are hard to come into play within a short period of time, discussions on the multilateral benefit-sharing mechanism should be supported at present to improve domestic legislation and promote our country Sub-regional negotiations for time.