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为进一步提高无人机(UAV)遥测链路传输容量,分析了无人机多输入多输出(UAV-MIMO)天线间隔、阵列等结构参数对信道容量的影响。建立了无人机MIMO基于散射体三维几何分布的单跳同心椭圆(GBSBCERS)信道模型,结合机载MIMO天线布局方案,给出了无人机MIMO信道矩阵及遍历容量的表达式。数值仿真表明,受无人机远距离通信的影响,信道容量与天线间隔呈正比变化;且相比于线阵布局,圆阵布局虽然受到无人机姿态变化的影响,但仍具有较高的信道容量。通过分析多天线结构对无人机MIMO信道容量的影响,对设计实现高速无人机数据链具有实际意义。
In order to further improve the transmission capacity of the UAV telemetry link, the influence of structural parameters such as UAV-MIMO antenna spacing and array on the channel capacity is analyzed. A single hop concentric ellipse (GBSBCERS) channel model of UAV MIMO based on 3D geometric distribution of scatterers is established. Combining with the layout scheme of onboard MIMO antenna, the expression of UAV MIMO channel matrix and ergodic capacity is given. The numerical simulation shows that the channel capacity varies with the antenna spacing due to the long-distance communication of the UAV. Compared with the linear array layout, the circular array layout is affected by the attitude change of the UAV but still has a higher Channel capacity. By analyzing the influence of multi-antenna structure on the capacity of unmanned aerial vehicle (MIMO) channel, it is of practical significance to design a high-speed UAV data link.