有清一代,自然灾害频仍。每次灾害发生后,政府照例要对灾民进行灾蠲和赈济,不断的灾蠲加上赈济,使政府财力逐渐减弱,进而导致救灾能力下降,这又会加重灾荒威害的程度,而面对新的灾害又不得不行蠲免和赈济,灾蠲、赈济和国家财政之间形成一种恶性的循环,尤其是晚清时期,大量的赈济、灾蠲和庞大的军费开支,一起成为政府财政捉襟见肘、入不敷出的主要原因。 A generation, frequent natural disasters. After each disaster, the government routinely carried out disaster relief and relief work for the victims. Continued catastrophes and relief, so that the government’s financial resources gradually weakened, leading to a decline in disaster relief capabilities, which in turn will aggravate the extent of the disaster and face In particular, during the late Qing period, the massive disasters, disasters and huge military expenditures caused by the new disasters had to be excused and dispelled. Disasters, relief, and state finances formed a vicious circle. As a result, The main reason to make ends meet.