目的探讨选择性低位结扎胸导管预防食管癌术后乳糜胸的发生。方法根据食管癌术后并发乳糜胸的原因,总结低位结扎胸导管预防食管癌术后乳糜胸的适应证,选择40例食管癌根治术患者进行选择性行低位集束结扎胸导管。术前3～4h服用牛奶200ml,或植物油50ml,或经胃管注入橄榄油等。结果全组术后无一例发生乳糜胸。结论对于食管癌手术预防乳糜胸选择适当的适应证及掌握胸导管结扎的方法进行预防性结扎胸导管取得较好的临床效果。 Objective To investigate the effect of selective lower ligation of the thoracic duct on the prevention of postoperative chylothorax in patients with esophageal cancer. Methods According to the causes of postoperative chylothorax in esophageal cancer, we summarized the indications for the prevention of postoperative chylothorax in patients with esophageal cancer by low-level ligation of the thoracic duct, and selected 40 patients with esophageal cancer for selective low-density bundle thoracotomy. Preoperative 3 ~ 4h take 200ml of milk, or vegetable oil 50ml, or by gastric tube into olive oil. Results There was no chylothorax in all patients after operation. Conclusion For the prevention of chylothorax in esophageal cancer surgery to choose the appropriate indications and methods to control the thoracic duct ligation of thoracic duct ligation preventive effect achieved better.