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目的调查北京地区40岁以上医务人员脑卒中相关风险的分布。方法采用分层整群随机抽样方法,从北京市38所医院4278例医务人员中抽取1426例,调查其脑卒中相关风险。结果入选人群中各危险因素所占比例由高到低依次为,高脂血症(468例,32.8%)、伏案工作>6h(464例,32.5%)、高血压(323例,22.7%)、每日活动<30min(285例,20.0%)。男性危险因素前3位为,高脂血症(35.94%)、高血压(27.46%)、吸烟(18.53%);女性危险因素前3位为,高脂血症(31.39%)、高血压(20.45%)、睡眠障碍(17.28%)。其中,高血压、高脂血症、吸烟等危险因素在男性中的比例高于女性,女性肥胖的比例高于男性。结论一日三餐没有规律,不注意营养搭配;劳动强度大,伏案工作时间过长,缺乏体力活动,睡眠不足;精神处于高度紧张状态等状况可能是目前导致医务人员脑卒中危险因素发生的主要原因。
Objective To investigate the distribution of stroke-associated risk among medical staff over the age of 40 in Beijing. Methods Stratified cluster random sampling method was used to select 1426 cases from 4278 medical staffs in 38 hospitals in Beijing to investigate the risk of stroke. Results The proportion of all the risk factors in the selected population was higher than that of hyperlipidemia (468 cases, 32.8%), ambulatory work> 6h (464 cases, 32.5%), hypertension (323 cases, 22.7% , Daily activities <30min (285 cases, 20.0%). The top three male risk factors were hyperlipidemia (35.94%), hypertension (27.46%) and smoking (18.53%). The top three risk factors for women were hyperlipidemia (31.39%), hypertension 20.45%), sleep disorders (17.28%). Among them, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, smoking and other risk factors in men than women, the proportion of women obese than men. Conclusion The three meals a day have no regular pattern and do not pay attention to the nutritional mix. The labor intensity is large, the working time is too long, the lack of physical activity and lack of sleep, and the mental state of high stress may be the main risk factors of stroke in medical personnel the reason.