目的　监测江苏省江滩地区血吸虫病的流行状况 ,评价防治效果。方法　 1996～ 1999年在江苏省江滩地区设立 5个血吸虫病观察点 ,对螺情、病情等疫情指标以及防治措施进行纵向观察和监测分析。结果　疫情观察显示 ,江苏省江滩地区钉螺孳生地面广量大 ,钉螺感染性较高。居民感染率较低 ,但耕牛感染率较高 ,仍为该地区的主要传染源。防治措施实施后 ,观察区内阳性钉螺面积和密度明显下降 ,但有螺面积下降幅度较小 ;居民感染率有较大幅度下降 ;耕牛感染率未明显下降。结论　江苏省江滩未控制地区血吸虫病疫情处于较高水平 ,且有进一步沿长江向下游蔓延趋势。目前的防治措施对维持居民感染率在较低水平是行之有效的 ,但难以使疫情进一步持续降低 Objective To monitor the prevalence of schistosomiasis in Jiangtan area of ​​Jiangsu Province and evaluate its control effect. Methods From 1996 to 1999, five observation spots for schistosomiasis were established in Jiangtan area of ​​Jiangsu Province. The epidemiological indexes of snail and disease, as well as their control measures, were observed and monitored longitudinally. Results The epidemic situation showed that the snail breeding area in Jiangtan of Jiangsu Province was large in area and the snail infectivity was high. Resident infection rate is low, but cattle infection rate is high, is still the main source of infection in the region. After the implementation of the control measures, the area and density of positive snails in the observation area decreased significantly, but there was a small decrease in the area of ​​snails; the residents’ infection rate dropped significantly; the infection rate of cattle did not decrease significantly. Conclusion The outbreak of schistosomiasis in the uncontrolled area of ​​Jiangtan in Jiangsu Province is at a high level and further spreads along the Yangtze River to the lower reaches. The current prevention and treatment measures are effective in maintaining the residents’ infection rate at a low level, but it is difficult to further reduce the epidemic