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以叶氏庄园为研究对象,将建筑模拟仿真软件作为研究传统民居建筑日照环境的重要辅助工具,以期通过这样的研究方法,来挖掘传统民居建筑中被动式设计智慧及探索影响其日照环境的因素,分析其各个影响因素之间的因果关系,并从中总结对现代建筑设计具有积极意义的经验;通过对叶氏庄园的地理环境、日照环境特征以及现状进行归纳总结,结合实地测绘数据结果,利用AutoCAD绘制叶氏庄园的平面图,在SketchUp中建立仿真模型,并对其进行日照环境仿真模拟分析,以计算得出的大寒日日照数据为研究基准,分别从太阳高度角和方位角两个分析视角,对叶氏庄园其院落及建筑的朝向、间距、高度等进行无遮挡、假定模拟对比,分析它们对日照环境的影响;并在数据分析结果支撑下,得出叶氏庄园的院落、堂屋及厢房的日照环境存在较大的差距,院落、堂屋在大寒日当天可得到2~6h的满窗日照时数,而厢房仅有不到1h的日照时数,通过无遮挡模拟分析,分析出门楼及堂屋的高度是影响厢房日照的主要因素,当其降低一定高度后,厢房就可得到充足的日照.研究认为,传统民居建筑在节约经济、低技术的条件下,其日照环境质量基本符合现代建筑相关规范和标准,虽然门楼及堂楼的高度影响了厢房日照环境,但在其取舍过程中更多地考虑为院落的空间秩序、使用功能及其防御性.
With Ye’s Manor as the research object, the building simulation software is regarded as an important auxiliary tool to study the sunshine environment of the traditional residential architecture. Through this research method, we can excavate the passive design wisdom in the traditional residential buildings and explore the factors that affect the sunshine environment. Analyzes the causality between the various influencing factors and summarizes the positive experience of modern architecture design. By summarizing and summarizing the environmental and sunshine characteristics of the environment of the Yeh manor and combining with the results of the field surveying and mapping data, Draw a plan of Ye’s manor, set up a simulation model in SketchUp, and simulate and analyze sunshine environment. Based on the computed data of sunshine day, On the Ye’s Manor courtyard and architecture of the orientation, spacing, height, etc. without cover, assuming analog comparison, analysis of their impact on the sunshine environment; and data analysis results, come to Ye’s Manor courtyard, hall and room Sunshine environment there is a big gap between the courtyard, Church House on the day in the cold The hours of full-day sunshine of 2 ~ 6h were obtained, while the sunshine hours of rooms less than 1h. Through the unobstructed simulation analysis, it was analyzed that the height of the gatehouse and the main house was the main factor that affected the sunshine of the house. When it decreased a certain height , Room can get sufficient sunshine.The study believes that the traditional residential buildings in economically economical, low-tech conditions, the quality of their sunshine environment basically in line with modern building-related norms and standards, although the height of the gatehouse and church buildings affect the sunshine room environment , But more consideration is given to the spatial order, use function and defensiveness of the courtyard in the process of its choice.