目的　探讨胸部火器伤除心脏大血管损伤以外的胸腔内失血的来源 .方法　家兔 2 4只 ,按是否预扎伤区肋间动脉分为 A,B两组 ,每组又按肺实质浅表损伤 ( s)抑或深层损伤 ( d)各分成两个亚组 ,所以共分 4组 :As组 ( n=7)、Ad组 ( n= 5 )、Bs组 ( n=7)、Bd组 ( n=5 ) .比较伤后各组死亡率、胸腔失血量、血压和心率变化 ,死后常规解剖 ,并测定断裂肋间动脉失血速度 .结果　与 Bs组 [( 2 1.7± 8.2 ) m L ]相比 ,As组胸腔失血量明显减少 [( 5 .0± 2 .3) m L ],死亡率 As组 ( 14% )比 Bs组 ( 43% )明显下降 .血压和心率伤后瞬即下降 ,在无明显失血兔于 30 s均恢复接近伤前水平 . 85 %的家兔有 2根以上肋间动脉断裂 ,单根肋间动脉失血速度在主动脉压为 10 .6k Pa时为 ( 4.9± 1.0 ) m L .min- 1 . Ad组和 Bd组的失血量较Bs组成倍增加 ( 41± 13.3) m L 和 ( 5 5 .7± 3.2 ) m L.结论　肋间动脉损伤是本组家兔伤后失血性休克和早期死亡的重要原因之一 .预结扎肋间动脉可以明显减少失血量 ,降低死亡率 .肺实质损伤严重时可加速失血性休克的出现并增加此类小动物的死亡率 Objective To investigate the source of thoracic blood loss in patients with thoracic firearm injury except for cardiac macrovascular injury.Methods Twenty-four rabbits were divided into A group There were 4 subgroups in each group: As group (n = 7), Ad group (n = 5), Bs group (n = 7), Bd group n = 5) .Compared the changes of mortality, thoracic blood loss, blood pressure and heart rate in each group after injury, and then routinely dissected after death, and measured the blood loss velocity of intercostal intercostal artery.Results Compared with Bs group [(2 1.7 ± 8.2) m L] Compared with the control group, the blood loss in the thoracic cavity in As group was significantly lower than that in the Bs group ([(5.0 ± 2.3) m L] (14.0%), and the blood pressure and heart rate immediately dropped , No significant loss of blood in the rabbit recovered at 30 s close to the level of pre-injury 85% of rabbits have more than two intercostal artery rupture, a single intercostal artery blood loss at aortic pressure of 10.6 kPa (4.9 ± 1.0) m L · min-1. Compared with Bs, the blood loss in Ad group and Bd group was doubled (41 ± 13.3) m L and (57.5 ± 3.2) m L respectively. Rabbit hemorrhagic injury One of the important reasons grams and early death. Pre-ligation of the intercostal arteries can significantly reduce blood loss and reduce mortality. Can accelerate the emergence of hemorrhagic shock lung parenchymal damage and severe increase in such small animals mortality