目的:探讨不同低氧训练模式对大鼠脑线粒体呼吸链功能的影响.方法:40只健康2月龄雄性Wistar大鼠随机均分为5组:常氧训练组(LoLo)、高住高练组(HiHi)、高住低训组(HiLo)、低住高练组(LoHi)和高住高练低训组(HiHiLo),每组8只.依实验方案,各组大鼠分别在常氧(模拟海拔1500m,大气压为632mmHg)或/和低氧(模拟海拔3500m,大气压为493mmHg)环境中居住及递增负荷训练5周,每周训练6天.最后一次训练后在常氧环境恢复72h,力竭运动后即刻取样.差速离心提取线粒体.分光光度法测定呼吸链酶复合体(CⅠ～CⅢ)活性.结果:4个低氧训练组大鼠脑组织线粒体呼吸链CI活性与LoLo组相比均无显著性差异.LoHi组cⅡ活性显著下降(P<0.01),降低76.199%,其余各组无显著性差异.HiHi组、HiLo组和LoHi组CⅢ活性均显著下降(P<0.01),分别降低71.496%、65.240%和87.838%,HiHiLo组显著性上升(P<0.01),提高170.145%.结论:在模拟海拔3500m的4种低氧训练中,高住高练低训提高大鼠脑组织线粒体呼吸链功能的作用优于高住高练、高住低训和低住高练.“,”Objective To study the effects of different hypoxic training modes on the activities of respiratory chain complexes in the brain mitochondria of rats. Methods Forty healthy two-month-old male Wister rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: living low-training low(LoLo), living high-training high(HiHi), living high-training low (HiLo), living low-training high(LoHi), and living high-exercise high-training low(HiHiLo). Rats were forced to complete a 5-week endurance training program. All training sessions were performed at the same relative intensity under normoxic(P=632mmHg, simulating about 1500m altitude) or hypoxic conditions(P=493mmHg, simulating 3500m altitude) for each of the five groups, respectively. Mitochondria were isolated with differential centrifugation. Spectrophotometric analysis was applied to evaluate RCC (Ⅰ- Ⅲ) activities in brain mitochondria. Results Compared with the LoLo, brain RCC activities in C Ⅱ in rats from LoHi significantly decrease(P<0.05). Brain RCC activities in C Ⅲ in rats from HiHi, HiLo and LoHi significantly decrease and from HiHiLo significantly increase (P<0.01). Conclusion These findings suggest that among different altitude training modes, HiHiLo is the superior one in developing function of mitochondria respiratory chain of rat brain tissues.