外源性诱变剂诱发染色体的损伤效应,是医学遗传学家和细胞遗传学家所关注的课题之一。以往,辐射诱发体细胞染色体畸变的研究已有大量资料。近年来,随着精卵染色体制备技术的建立,才得以从生殖细胞中进行深入地探讨,这是一很大的突破。本文综述了精卵染色体制备技术的发展概况及其在辐射细胞遗传学中的应用,旨在为该技术更广泛的应用提供参考资料。 Exogenous mutagens induce chromosomal damage is one of the topics of concern to medical geneticists and cytogenetics. In the past, radiation-induced chromosome aberrations in somatic research has a lot of information. In recent years, with the establishment of sperm-egg chromosome preparation technology, it has been explored in depth from germ cells, which is a big breakthrough. This review summarizes the development of sperm-egg chromosome preparation technology and its application in radiation cytogenetics, and aims to provide references for its wider application.