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在流行病学研究中,研究结果的效度由3个因素决定:随机误差、偏倚(选择偏倚和信息偏倚)和混杂,其中混杂因素的影响(混杂效应)尤为重要,一旦发生混杂效应,可造成研究结果的扭曲甚至错误。因此,如何预防和控制混杂是流行病学研究的核心问题之一。本文拟探讨如何在流行病学研究设计中预防混杂效应的发生,为获得真实有效的研究结果提供保证。1混杂的定义和判断标准当研究某个因素与某种疾病的关联时,由于受
In epidemiological studies, the validity of the findings is determined by three factors: random error, bias (bias of selection and information bias) and promiscuity, of which the influence of confounders (promiscuous effect) is particularly important. In the event of promiscuous effect The result of the study is distorted and even wrong. Therefore, how to prevent and control promiscuity is one of the core issues in epidemiological research. This article intends to explore how to prevent the occurrence of promiscuous effects in the design of epidemiological studies and provide a guarantee for obtaining true and effective research results. A mixed definition and criteria When the study of a factor associated with a disease, due to