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日本微电子产业面临的是结构性问题,而非周期性问题。日本微电子产业经历了从兴到衰的变迁历程,从创新范式的演化视角解释其变迁的原因可归结为三方面:一是日本企业的创新策略注重对产品高附加值和品质差异化的追求,没有顺应创新速度加快、难度加大等行业创新趋势;二是日本企业的创新优势集中在制造流程和定制品的生产上,而目前业内广泛采纳的分工模式注重设计环节,适合专用标准品的生产,这种错配使其创新优势受到削弱;三是日本的创新体系以产官学联合为主,不具备创新生态系统的自调节功能,缺乏应对市场需求变化的灵活性。结合日本的经验和教训,本文认为构建以市场为导向的跨区域的创新创业生态系统,有助于提高高科技领域创新效率和成功概率。
Japan’s microelectronics industry is facing structural problems, rather than cyclical issues. Japan’s microelectronics industry experienced a vicissitude process from the rise to decline, from the evolution of innovation paradigm to explain the reasons for its evolution can be attributed to three aspects: First, Japanese companies focus on the innovation strategy of the pursuit of high value-added products and quality differentiation , There is no response to innovation speed, increasing the degree of difficulty and other industry innovation trends; the second is the Japanese company’s innovative advantages in the manufacturing process and the production of customized products, while the current industry-wide division of labor focus on design aspects, suitable for special standards This mismatch has weakened its innovation advantages. Third, Japan’s innovation system is mainly a combination of government, industry and education. It does not have the self-regulating function of the innovation ecosystem and lacks the flexibility to respond to changes in market demand. Combined with Japan’s experience and lessons, this paper argues that building a market-oriented trans-regional innovation and entrepreneurship ecosystem can help to raise the innovation efficiency and success probability in high-tech fields.