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基于各省城镇居民收入分组数据,通过拟合收入分布方法估计了2008-2012年间各省城镇基尼系数及总体城镇基尼系数。结果发现,城镇总体基尼系数呈现下降趋势,由2008年的0.3415下降到2012年的0.3154;其中,青海和重庆分别是5年间城镇基尼系数最大和最小的地区。按照基尼系数的完全分解框架,对城镇收入差距进行了按东、中、西地区分组的群体分解,结果表明,城镇收入差距绝大部分来自组内差距;东部地区的阶层效应最为明显,即与中、西部地区相比,东部地区更加趋向于形成一个阶层;进一步按收入分组的群体分解结果也同样表明,城镇收入差距绝大部分来自组内差距,高收入组群体更加趋向于形成一个阶层。而且,我国城镇居民收入分布的群体阶层效应越来越明显。
Based on the income group data of urban residents in each province, the urban Gini coefficient of each province in 2008-2012 and the overall urban Gini coefficient were estimated by fitting the income distribution method. The results showed that the overall urban Gini coefficient showed a downward trend, from 0.3415 in 2008 down to 0.3154 in 2012; of which, Qinghai and Chongqing are the cities in the five years, the largest and smallest Gini coefficient. According to the complete decomposition framework of the Gini coefficient, the urban income disparity was decomposed into groups according to the eastern, central and western regions. The results show that most of the urban income disparity comes from the intra-group disparity; the eastern region has the most obvious class effect, namely, In the middle and western regions, the eastern region tends to form a stratum. The group breakdown further by income also shows that most of the urban income disparity comes from the intra-group disparity, and the high-income group tends to form a stratum. Moreover, the income effect of urban residents in our country is more and more obvious.