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目的:探讨转化生长因子β1(TGFβ1)在大鼠周围神经损伤后再生过程中的作用及是否参与了再生中脊髓前角运动神经元碱性成纤维生长因子(bFGF)表达的调节。方法:将48只成年SD大鼠在右侧坐骨神经压榨损伤术后随机分为TGFβ1组和生理盐水(NS)组。TGFβ1组在坐骨神经压榨损伤近心端注射TGFβ150μL(0.1μg/mL),术后隔日在右侧下肢后群肌内注射TGFβ150μL,对照组同样方法注射等量NS。实验动物分别存活3,7,14和21d后运用免疫组织化学方法检测TGFβ1对脊髓前角运动神经元bFGF蛋白的表达变化。存活21d的实验动物还用半薄切片和FastBlue逆行荧光示踪方法观察TGFβ1对坐骨神经损伤后远端的再生情况。结果:TGFβ1组脊髓前角bFGF蛋白的表达高于NS组(P<0.05);损伤远侧端再生轴突数目、直径与髓鞘厚度TGFβ1组均明显好于NS组(P<0.05);TGFβ1实验组脊髓和背根节内荧光标记细胞数量明显多于NS组(P<0.01)。结论:外源性TGFβ1可以促进周围神经损伤后再生;TGFβ1上调周围神经损伤后脊髓前角运动神经元bFGF的表达。
Objective: transforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ1) role in the process of regeneration and is involved in the regulation of regeneration in spinal cord motor neurons to express the basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) after peripheral nerve injury. Methods: 48 adult SD rats were randomly divided into TGFβ1 group and NS group after sciatic nerve crush injury. In the TGFβ1 group, TGFβ150μL (0.1μg / mL) was infused proximal to the sciatic nerve crush injury. TGFβ150μL was intramuscularly injected into the right lower extremity on the next day. The same method was used to inject NS in the control group. After 3, 7, 14 and 21 days of survival respectively, immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of bFGF protein in the anterior horn motor neurons of spinal cord. Survival of 21d experimental animals were also used semi-thin sections and FastBlue retrograde fluorescence trace method to observe TGFβ1 distal sciatic nerve injury after regeneration. Results: The expression of bFGF protein in the anterior horn of spinal cord in TGFβ1 group was significantly higher than that in NS group (P <0.05). The number of axonal regeneration, the diameter and the thickness of myelin sheath in TGFβ1 group were significantly better than those in NS group (P <0.05) The number of fluorescent labeled cells in the spinal cord and dorsal root ganglion in experimental group was significantly more than that in NS group (P <0.01). CONCLUSION: Exogenous TGFβ1 can promote the regeneration of injured peripheral nerves. TGFβ1 up-regulates the expression of bFGF in spinal cord anterior horn motor neurons after peripheral nerve injury.