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目的分析云南省高原山区血吸虫病疫区达到传播阻断(传阻)前后螺情与病情变化规律。方法采用回顾性调查方法,收集、记录剑川县达到传播控制(传控)前10年至2008年的疫情资料,建立调查资料数据库,分析各流行村螺情、病情变化趋势和规律。结果剑川县从1954年开始开展防治血吸虫病,1976年达血吸虫病疫情控制标准,人群感染率为0.65%,钉螺感染率为0.40%;1981年达传控标准,人群感染率为0.34%,钉螺感染率为1.41%;1993年达传阻标准,人群感染率、钉螺感染率均为0;3个重要防治阶段,在整个防治过程中螺情、病情指标时有波动、上升,但仍延着逐渐下降的趋势,并在一个较低的感染率水平上持续较长的时间,才达到传阻阶段。结论云南省高原山区血吸虫病从疫情控制到传控相对耗时较短,从传控到传阻需时较长。原血吸虫病流行区通过防治有可能存在“有螺无病”区域。
Objective To analyze the variation of spirometry and disease before and after the transmission block (resistance) of schistosomiasis in Yunnan plateau mountainous area. Methods A retrospective survey was conducted to collect and record the epidemic data of Jianchuan County from the year 10 to 2008 before the transmission control (control). A database of survey data was established to analyze the trend and pattern of the prevalence of the spirochetes in the endemic villages. Results In 1954, Jianchuan County started to carry out the control of schistosomiasis and the control of schistosomiasis in 1976. The population infection rate was 0.65% and the infection rate of snails was 0.40%. In 1981, the transmission and control rate was 0.34% Snail infection rate was 1.41%; in 1993 up to the resistance standard, the population infection rate, snail infection rates were 0; three important stages of prevention and control throughout the prevention and treatment of the snail, the disease indicators fluctuate, rising, but still delayed Gradually declining trend, and at a lower level of infection for a longer period of time, before reaching the resistance stage. Conclusion The relative time-consuming of controlling schistosomiasis in the mountainous plateau of Yunnan Province from epidemic control to transmission control is relatively short, and it takes a long time from transmission control to transmission. The original schistosomiasis endemic areas may be present through the prevention and treatment of “snail-free disease” area.