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客运专线用100 m 60 kg/m重轨在焊轨厂拼焊后,当四面矫直时发生断裂现象。采用光学显微镜及扫描电镜(SEM)等方法对钢轨矫直时断裂原因进行了分析和研究。结果表明:钢轨断裂是由于距钢轨端部约100 mm轨底边缘处存在凸台缺陷,此凸台在钢轨拼焊后进行除瘤时除瘤刀将其铲平,致使钢轨产生冷裂纹,进而在矫直时断裂。通过控制万能精轧上下辊的辊径差以及调整轧制线高度等措施,使钢轨出轧机时尽量保持平直,避免上翘或扣头,从而消除凸台缺陷。
Passenger dedicated line with 100 m 60 kg / m heavy rail welded in the welded rail factory, when the straightening phenomenon occurs when straightening. The causes of fracture during rail straightening were analyzed and studied by optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results show that the rail rupture is due to the existence of the boss defect at the rail bottom edge of about 100 mm from the end of the rail. Fracture when straightening. By controlling the roll diameter difference between the upper and lower rollers and adjusting the height of the rolling line, etc., the rails should be kept straight as far as possible from the rolling mill to avoid upturning or buckling, so as to eliminate the boss defects.