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目的调查甘肃省庆阳市西峰区6-13岁儿童近视患病情况,探讨近视防治措施。方法在西峰区107所小学中采用随机整群抽样方法抽取10所乡村小学和4所城区小学为调查点,并分别对城区和乡村小学生进行编号,随机抽取2624人,实查2595人,受检率98.89%。进行视力、眼底、眼位、验光等检查,确定其屈光状态,有屈光问题者散瞳验光。近视眼患病率比较采用x~2检验进行分析。结果 2595名受检小学生中,检出近视840例,患病率为32.37%。其中城区患病率为38.78%,乡村患病率25.12%,城区高于乡村(x~2=15.0631 P=0.000);各年龄组之间近视患病率比较,高年级(10-13岁)患病率为41.95%,低年级(6-9岁)为21.19%,高年级高于低年级(x~2=24.041 P=0.000);近视患病程度比较,低度近视患病率为24.05%、中度为7.75%、高度为0.58%,三组比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。低度近视患病率高于中度近视,高度近视很少;男性患病率为31.41%,女性为33.36%,两组比较无明显差异(x~2=3.267 P=0.054)。结论城区及高年级小学生近视患病率较高,6-13岁儿童近视主要表现为低度近视。
Objective To investigate the prevalence of myopia in 6-13-year-old children in Xifeng District, Qingyang City, Gansu Province, and to investigate the prevention and treatment of myopia. Methods A total of 107 primary schools and 4 urban primary schools in 107 primary schools in Xifeng District were selected as random samples to survey urban and rural primary school students, randomly selected 2624 people, verified 2595 people, Rate of 98.89%. Visual acuity, fundus, eye position, optometry and other tests to determine the refractive status, refractive problems were mydriasis optometry. Myopia prevalence comparison using x ~ 2 test for analysis. Results Among the 2595 pupils tested, 840 cases of myopia were detected, the prevalence was 32.37%. Among them, the prevalence in urban areas was 38.78%, the prevalence rate in rural areas was 25.12%, and the urban area was higher than that in rural areas (x ~ 2 = 15.0631 P = 0.000). The prevalence of myopia in each age group was higher, The prevalence rate was 41.95%, 21.19% in lower grade (6-9 years), higher grade in lower grade (x ~ 2 = 24.041 P = 0.000), while the prevalence of low myopia was 24.05 %, Moderate 7.75%, and high 0.58%. The difference between the three groups was statistically significant (P <0.05). The prevalence of low myopia was higher than that of moderate myopia, with very few myopia. The prevalence of males was 31.41% and females was 33.36%. There was no significant difference between the two groups (x ~ 2 = 3.267 P = 0.054). Conclusions The prevalence of myopia in urban area and high school pupils is high. Myopia in 6-13 year old children mainly shows low myopia.