今天,资本的全球扩张导致越来越明显的贫富两极分化现象,贫困不但是国际社会面临的重大问题,也是许多发展中国家需要解决的国内问题。到目前为止,大多数政府、经济学家以及社会活动者提出的消除贫困办法,只是停留在“支援”、“扶助”上,靠增加物质供给来修修补补。而印度著名的“贫困经济学家”、诺贝尔经济学奖获得者阿马蒂亚·森则在《贫困与饥荒——论权利与剥夺》一书中指出,贫困不单纯是一种供给不足,而更多是一种权利不足。在国际学术界,阿马蒂亚·森教授享有“经济学的良心”的美誉,原因在于,与那些热衷探讨资本积聚、效益增加等为资本家服务的学者不同,阿马蒂亚·森来自发展中国家,他常常从社会伦理和哲学角度深入探索不平等和贫困与饥荒的原因,他把经济学从生硬死板的数据、公式中摆脱出来,拉到社会生活,尤其是贫困生活的真实层面上,让经济学具有了伦理学、哲学意义上的关怀精神。许多历史学家及经济学家证明,现代以来,虽然饥荒有时伴随着自然灾害,但客观条件往往只起到引发、加剧大规模饥饿的作用,权利的不平等 Today, the global expansion of capital leads to the increasingly obvious polarization between the rich and the poor. Poverty is not only a major issue facing the international community, but also a domestic issue that many developing countries need to solve. So far, most anti-poverty measures put forward by most governments, economists and social activists have only stayed on “support ” and “aid ”, and repaired by increasing supply of material. And India’s famous “poor economist”, Nobel Prize winner in economics Amartya Sen in the “poverty and famine - on rights and deprivation,” a book that poverty is not simply a Insufficient supply, and more is a lack of rights. In the international academic community, Professor Amartya Sen enjoys the reputation of “the conscience of economics” because, unlike those scholars who serve capitalists such as those who are passionate about capital accumulation and increasing benefits, Amartya Sen From the developing countries, he often explores the causes of inequality and poverty and famine in an ethical and philosophical perspective. From his rigid data and formulas, he freed economics from being drawn to social life, especially the realities of poor life At the level, let economics have ethics, philosophical sense of care. Many historians and economists have proven that although famine has sometimes been accompanied by natural disasters since the modern age, objective conditions have often only served to trigger the effects of massive hunger and inequalities of rights