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通过土培盆栽试验,研究了16份野生大麦种质资源在相同供磷水平下磷素吸收利用的基因型差异,探讨磷高效野生大麦根际土壤无机磷组分特征.结果表明:拔节期和扬花期磷素干物质生产效率(CV=11.6%、12.4%)、成熟期磷素籽粒生产效率(CV=13.7%)基因型间差异较大.不同生育时期磷高效基因型IS-22-30和IS-22-25生物量、磷积累量和磷素干物质生产效率均显著高于低效基因型IS-07-07,且高效基因型的籽粒产量分别是低效基因型的3.10和3.20倍.不施磷、施磷30 mg·kg-1条件下,不同磷素利用效率野生大麦根际土壤有效磷和水溶性磷含量均显著低于非根际土壤,且高效基因型较低效基因型根际土壤水溶性磷亏缺量更大.根际与非根际土壤无机磷组分含量为Ca10-P>O-P>Fe-P>Al-P>Ca2-P>Ca8-P.在拔节期和扬花期,施磷30 mg·kg-1条件下,磷高效基因型根际土壤Ca8-P含量显著高于低效基因型,而Ca2-P含量显著低于低效基因型;不施磷条件下,高效基因型根际土壤Ca2-P和Ca8-P含量均显著高于低效基因型,且根际土壤Ca10-P均减少.施磷30 mg·kg-1条件下,根际土壤Fe-P和O-P含量均表现为高效基因型显著高于低效基因型,Al-P含量则呈现相反的趋势;不施磷条件下,高效基因型根际土壤Al-P、Fe-P和O-P含量均显著低于低效基因型.低磷胁迫下,高效基因型活化吸收Ca2-P、Al-P的能力强于低效基因型.
The pot experiment was conducted to study the genotypic differences in phosphorus uptake and utilization of 16 wild barley germplasms at the same phosphorus supply and to explore the characteristics of inorganic phosphorus in rhizosphere soil of phosphorus efficient wild barley.The results showed that: The production efficiency of phosphorus at flowering stage (CV = 11.6%, 12.4%) and the production efficiency of phosphorus seed at maturity stage (CV = 13.7%) were quite different among different genotypes. And IS-22-25 biomass, phosphorus accumulation and phosphorus production efficiency were significantly higher than those of the low-efficiency genotype IS-07-07, and the grain yield of high-efficiency genotypes were 3.10 and 3.20 Fold.The phosphorus and phosphorus availability of rhizosphere soil were significantly lower than those of non-rhizosphere soil under different phosphorus use efficiency (P <0.05), and the high genotype was less effective The deficiency of water-soluble phosphorus in the rhizosphere soil of the genotype was greater than that in the non-rhizosphere soil. The contents of inorganic phosphorus in the rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soil were Ca10-P> OP> Fe-P> Al-P> Ca2-P> Ca8- At jointing stage and flowering stage, under the condition of 30 mg · kg-1 phosphorus application, Ca8-P content in rhizosphere soil of P efficient genotype was significantly higher than that of inefficient genotype, while Ca2-P content Lower than that of inefficient genotypes. Under the condition of no phosphorus application, Ca2-P and Ca8-P contents in rhizosphere soil of high genotype genotypes were significantly higher than those in low genotype genotypes, and Ca10-P in rhizosphere soil was decreased. Under the condition of mg · kg-1, the contents of Fe-P and OP in rhizosphere soil were higher than those in inefficient genotypes, while the content of Al-P showed the opposite trend. Under the condition of no phosphorus application, the high genotypes The contents of Al-P, Fe-P and OP in rhizosphere soil were significantly lower than those in low-efficiency genotypes, and under low-phosphorus stress, high genotypes had stronger ability to absorb Ca2-P and Al-P than low-efficiency genotypes.