意识是哲学内部一个复杂且充满争议的议题,并总是以心身问题的形式广泛地呈现于西方哲学史中。当前,绝大多数哲学家已在如下方面取得共识:意识的核心问题在于理解主观性本身的性质与起源。然而,从古至今,几乎所有意识的哲学理论都没有摆脱突现论与泛心论之间的交织与争斗。未来的意识研究仍然亟待走出上述认识论上的两难境地。 Consciousness is a complex and controversial topic within philosophy, and is always presented in the history of Western philosophy in the form of psychosomatic problems. At present, most philosophers have reached consensus on the following aspects: The core issue of consciousness lies in understanding the nature and origin of the subjectivity itself. However, almost all the philosophical theories of consciousness have not got rid of the intertwining and fighting between emergentism and pan-piety. The study of future awareness still urgently needs to get out of the above epistemological dilemma.