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随着社会物质消耗量的不断增加,由于不合理的、甚至是掠夺式的开发利用方式,造成了严重的水土流失,成为全球性的资源问题和环境问题。据联合国粮农组织粗略估计,目前全世界每年流失土壤约240亿吨相,当于失去1亿公顷耕地。我国是水土流失严重的国家之一,五十年代的统计数字为每年50亿吨。马克思说:“土壤是世代相传的、人类所不能出让的生存条件和再生产条件。”(《资本论》第三卷1061页)水土保持工作确是关系到国家安全、民族存亡的大问题。
With the continuous increase of material consumption in society, irrational and even predatory exploitation and utilization have caused serious soil and water loss and have become global resource and environmental problems. According to FAO’s rough estimate, at present, about 24 billion tons of soil are lost each year in the world, losing 100 million hectares of cultivated land. China is one of the countries with serious soil erosion, with the statistics in the 1950s accounting for 5 billion tons each year. Marx said: “The soil is the living condition and the reproduction condition that are handed down from generation to generation and can not be transplanted by human beings.” (Capital, Vol. III, p. 1061) Soil and water conservation work is indeed a major issue that concerns national security and national survival.