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20世纪20至30年代华洋义赈会农村合作运动的实质,是通过合作社把农民集结为信用团体单位,减少借贷的交易费用,从而把现代银行和国家金融机构吸引到农村的金融活动中来,形成以金融为切入点改良农民经济的模式。这场运动对农村经济起到了有益的作用。但由于借贷的条件所限,义赈会的资金主要为条件相对优越的农民所利用,导致了合作贷款的中农化。当合作社模式被国家政权推广为主要的农业政策时,现代农业金融制度产生了根本的困窘:国家有责任却没有能力向全部农民放贷,无法避免贷款的广义中农化,导致了合作运动最终在中国消失。
The essence of the rural cooperative movement of the China Famine Relief Commission from the 1920s to the 1930s was to bring the modern banks and state financial institutions to rural financial activities by bringing them together as a credit unit and reducing the transaction costs of borrowing through cooperatives , Forming a model of improving the peasants economy from the point of finance. This campaign has played a beneficial role in the rural economy. However, due to the conditions of lending, the funds of the Famine Relief Commission are mainly used by the peasants with relatively superior conditions, leading to the agro-peasantization of cooperative loans. When the cooperative model was promoted by the state power as the main agricultural policy, the modern agricultural financial system had its fundamental embarrassment: the state had the responsibility but not the ability to lend to all the peasants, and could not avoid the generalized peasantization of loans. This led to the final result of the cooperative movement in China disappear.