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外层空间研究特别是深空探测催生并促进了空间热环境模拟技术的发展。热环境模拟设备用于模拟太空高真空、冷黑、高低温、大温差热变形、太阳辐照等环境。文中综述了国内外主流的空间环境模拟设备,分为热真空试验设备和高低温试验设备两大类,对各自的设计目标、规格型号、真空获得、热沉形式等研制特点以及所能达到的极限高低温、降温速率、温场均匀性等热设计参数进行了比较性的阐述,较全面地总结了空间环境模拟技术的技术发展和现状。
Outer space research, especially deep space exploration, has given birth to and promoted the development of space thermal modeling techniques. Thermal environment simulation equipment used to simulate space high vacuum, cold black, high and low temperature, large temperature thermal deformation, solar radiation and other environments. The paper summarizes the domestic and international mainstream space environment simulation equipment, which is divided into two categories: thermal vacuum test equipment and high and low temperature test equipment. The design goals, specifications and models, vacuum access, heat sink form and other characteristics can be achieved The thermal design parameters such as the maximum and the minimum temperature, the cooling rate and the temperature field uniformity are comparatively elaborated, and the technical development and current status of the space environment simulation technology are summarized.