在过去十年内，随着计算机的广泛使用和性能的显著提高，稀薄气体动力学研究的课题更加充实丰富，在实验方法和仪器设备方面也有重要进展．本文第一部分叙述粒子表面动力学的最新研究进展，其中发现选定状态的离子的速度和转动能是入射束的离开方向和参数的函数．最近，与实验一起进行了大量计算机模拟，表明二者相结合的研究是很有益的．在束流实验中，所产生的散射粒子的速度分布和密度与数值模拟结果符合得很好．第二部分介绍了更直接地与非常高的大气层中的飞行和测量相联系的气体壁面相互作用的研究．本节从考察一些年前完成的离子束与表面相互作用开始．它提供了很有参考意义的与现代研究结果的比较，并给出了有用的标准．本文接下去探讨了“火星探索者”外形，它在过去几年内一直是一些风洞和计算研究的课题．对ＮａｖｉｅｒＳｔｏｋｅｓ方程和ＤＳＭＣ计算结果进行了有趣的比较 In the past ten years, with the extensive use of computers and the dramatic increase in performance, the topic of lean gas dynamics research has become more enriched, and important progress has been made in experimental methods and equipment. The first part of this paper describes the latest research progress on particle-surface dynamics, in which the velocity and rotational energy of selected ions are found to be a function of the exit direction and parameters of the incident beam. Recently, a large number of computer simulations have been conducted along with experiments, indicating that the combination of the two can be very beneficial. In the beam experiment, the velocity distribution and density of the scattering particles generated are in good agreement with the numerical simulation results. The second section describes the study of gas-wall interactions more directly related to the flight and measurement in the very high atmosphere. This section starts with an examination of the ion beam interaction with the surface completed some years ago. It provides a very meaningful comparison with the results of modern research and gives useful criteria. This article goes on to explore the “Mars Explorer” shape, which has been a topic of several wind tunnels and computational research for the past few years. An interesting comparison of the Navier-Stokes equations and the DSMC calculations is made