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传统学术对《论语》的研究主要从哲学、伦理学等角度入手,如果从社会心理学这一新的角度进行研究,可以发现《论语》中丰富的社会角色期待的思想,比如,道德期待优先是孔子角色期待思想的一个特点,仁是其道德期待的核心,仁的具体展开就呈现为各种具体的角色期待。各种具体角色的行为是儒家的“外王”一面,儒家对“内圣”方面的期待,则体现在成就理想的君子人格上。
The traditional academic research on The Analects mainly starts from the philosophical and ethical perspectives. If we study from the new perspective of social psychology, we can find the rich social roles in The Analects, such as the moral expectation priority It is a characteristic of Confucius’s role in looking forward to his thoughts that his benevolence is the core of his moral expectation. The concrete manifestation of his benevolence is the expectation of various concrete roles. The behavior of various specific roles is the “outer king” of Confucianism. The Confucian expectation of “inner sanctity” is reflected in the ideal personality of the gentleman.