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针对大型无人机(UAV)用常规配电系统占用航空总线资源多和可靠性低的问题,通过研究多电/全电飞机技术发展趋势和大型无人机供电系统技术特点,提出一种适用于大型无人机体系结构和指标要求的机载智能配电系统;建立系统的马尔可夫模型,计算和分析不同余度结构的供电处理机(PSP)和电气负载管理中心(ELMC)对系统可靠性的影响,进而实现机载智能配电系统余度结构的优化配置;提出一种适用于大型无人机机载配电系统的、基于总线形式的PSP与ELMC相互监控方法,有效解决了三余度系统的二次故障容错问题;在此基础上,采用高速数字信号处理器(DSP)、大规模现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)和实时软件进行系统设计,完成了原理样机的研制。理论分析和实验结果表明,所设计的机载配电系统具有高可靠性、容错性和智能化的特点。
Aiming at the problem that the conventional UAV power distribution system takes up more airbus resources and low reliability, this paper proposes a new method that is suitable for UAV by researching the development trend of multi-electric / all-electric aircraft technology and the technical characteristics of large-scale UAV power supply system. On-board intelligent power distribution system required by the architecture and requirements of large-scale UAV; establish the system’s Markov model, calculate and analyze power supply processor (PSP) and electrical load management center (ELMC) Reliability, and then realize the optimal configuration of the redundancy structure of airborne intelligent power distribution system. A monitoring method based on the bus between PSP and ELMC which is suitable for large-scale UAV airborne power distribution system is proposed, which can effectively solve the problem On the basis of this, the system design of high-speed digital signal processor (DSP), large-scale field programmable gate array (FPGA) and real-time software is completed, and the prototype of the prototype is completed. Theoretical analysis and experimental results show that the designed onboard power distribution system has the characteristics of high reliability, fault tolerance and intelligence.