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目的探究不同分娩方式对婴幼儿生长发育的影响。方法于2012年11月至2013年3月,在河北省石家庄市城乡随机抽取142名儿童,由专人负责进行问卷调查了解婴幼儿分娩方式以及社会家庭环境状况,同时用贝莉发育评估量表(Bayley)Ⅰ对婴幼儿的认知发育情况进行评估。测量婴儿身长体重以计算身体质量指数(BMI)和身体质量指数Z评分(BMI-Z)值。结果被调查儿童平均月龄为11.63±8.46(2~30个月),其中男生占53.5%。智能发育指数(MDI)为106.83±15.12分,运动发育指数(PDI)为105.42±15.51分,BMI为17.17±2.26kg/m~2。单因素分析结果表明,剖宫产对儿童的MDI(t=0.724,P=0.471),BMI(t=-0.042,P=0.967)及BMI-Z(t=-0.219,P=0.827)均无影响,剖宫产儿童的PDI低于经阴道分娩的儿童(t=3.219,P=0.002)。在校正了年龄、性别、BMI、父母受教育程度及出生体重等后,多元线性回归分析的结果表明剖宫产仍与PDI显著相关(β=-0.292,P<0.001)。结论剖宫产对儿童PDI有显著影响,早期监测和干预可能有助于改善剖宫产儿童的运动发育。
Objective To investigate the effects of different modes of delivery on the growth and development of infants and young children. Methods From November 2012 to March 2013, 142 children were randomly selected from urban and rural areas in Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province. Specialists were responsible for conducting questionnaires to understand the mode of delivery and social environment of infants and young children. Meanwhile, Bayley) Ⅰ to assess the cognitive development of infants and young children. Infant body weight was measured to calculate the body mass index (BMI) and body mass index Z score (BMI-Z) values. Results The mean monthly age of children surveyed was 11.63 ± 8.46 (range 2-30 months), of which 53.5% were boys. The index of MDI was 106.83 ± 15.12, the PDI was 105.42 ± 15.51 and the BMI was 17.17 ± 2.26kg / m ~ 2. Univariate analysis showed that there was no significant difference in children’s MDI (t = 0.724, P = 0.471), BMI (t = -0.042, P = 0.967) and BMI-Z The PDI of cesarean section children was lower than that of vaginal delivery children (t = 3.219, P = 0.002). After adjusting for age, sex, BMI, parental education, and birth weight, multiple linear regression analysis showed that cesarean section was still significantly associated with PDI (β = -0.292, P <0.001). Conclusion Cesarean section has a significant effect on PDI in children. Early monitoring and intervention may help to improve the motor development of cesarean section children.