定义形位公差大小的最优分配为组合优化问题 ,并选择遗传算法实现优化。分析了形位误差累积函数的确定 ;研究了加工成本—形位公差模型的建立 ;根据形位公差优化的特点制定了遗传算法中的编码、适应度和遗传操作。一个齿轮泵实例说明了此优化分配方法的有效性。 The optimal distribution of geometric tolerances is defined as the combinatorial optimization problem, and the genetic algorithm is chosen for optimization. The determination of the cumulative function of the shape and position errors is analyzed. The model of the process cost and the shape and position tolerance is established. The coding, fitness and genetic operation in the genetic algorithm are formulated according to the feature of the shape and position tolerance. A gear pump example illustrates the effectiveness of this method of optimizing allocation.