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2型糖尿病是与胰岛素功能障碍及胰岛素抵抗相关的慢性炎症过程。炎症状态下中性粒细胞释放细胞外陷阱(NETs)，该结构与糖尿病的病程发展相关联。弹性蛋白酶抑制剂(SerpinB1)作为内源性分泌蛋白可以有效地抑制该结构对胰岛细胞功能及胰岛素作用信号通路的影响，并且还有促进胰岛β细胞增殖的作用。本文旨在探讨NETs及其抑制剂SerpinB1与2型糖尿病的关系。“,”Type 2 diabetes is a chronic inflammatory process associated with insulin dysfunction and insulin resistance. Neutrophils release neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in inflammatory condition, which is associated with the progression of the disease. As an endogenous secreted protein, elastase inhibitor (SerpinB1) can effectively inhibit the effect of this structure in islet cell function and insulin signaling pathway, and also promote the proliferation of islet β cells. This article aims to investigate the relationship between NETs and its inhibitor SerpinB1 and type 2 diabetes.