对３０例丙型肝炎患者血清补体Ｃ３、Ｃ４水平进行了检测。其中急性丙型肝炎患者１５例，慢性丙型肝炎１５例，结果显示：急性期患者血清Ｃ３、Ｃ４同对照组比较差异无显著意义（Ｐ＞０１），慢性期患者血清Ｃ３、Ｃ４水平明显低于对照组，（Ｐ＜０００１，Ｐ＜０００２），且亦低于急性期患者，（Ｐ＜００１，Ｐ＜００２）。结果表明：由于丙型肝炎的发病机制与机体免疫状态密切相关，肝功能受损后可加重免疫病损，使机体免疫调节功能紊乱，出现丙型肝炎一系列临床表现，选取患者血清Ｃ３、Ｃ４水平进行检测，根据其水平变化，有助于了解肝脏损害程度、病情估计及预后判断 Serum complement C3 and C4 levels in 30 patients with hepatitis C were detected. There were 15 cases of acute hepatitis C and 15 cases of chronic hepatitis C. The results showed that there was no significant difference in serum C3 and C4 between the control group and the control group (P> 01) (P <0001, P <0002), and also lower than those in acute phase (P <001, P <002). The results showed that: the pathogenesis of hepatitis C is closely related to the immune status of the body, impaired hepatic function may aggravate immune lesions, immune dysfunction, a series of clinical manifestations of hepatitis C, selected patients serum C3, C4 The level of detection, according to its level changes, helps to understand the degree of liver damage, disease estimation and prognosis