激光在近地大气降雨环境中传输时,易被雨滴散射和吸收,研究不同降雨条件下激光透过特性,为激光探测在目标探测系统中克服降雨因素的影响提供了一定依据。在Mie散射光学理论基础上,以韦布分布为雨滴尺寸分布模型,计算激光波束在雨中的传输衰减特性在降雨量不同时随距离的变化关系,分析在不同传输距离上5种典型降雨量对激光在水平传输路径上的衰减影响,并利用Modtran软件计算结果验证该计算结果的正确性。研究表明,激光透过率随着降雨量以及传输距离的增加而下降,且降雨量越大,在一定传输距离上下降速度越快。这些结论为目标探测系统在不同降雨环境中发射系统功率与接收系统精度的选择提供了一定的理论依据。 When the laser is transmitted in the near-surface atmospheric rainfall environment, it is easy to be scattered and absorbed by the raindrops. Studying the laser transmission characteristics under different rainfall conditions provides a basis for laser detection to overcome the influence of rainfall in the target detection system. On the basis of Mie scattering optics theory, the distribution function of the raindrop size distribution is discussed based on the Weber distribution, and the relationship between the transmission attenuation characteristics of the laser beam and the rainfall at different rainfall is calculated. Five typical rainfall pairs Laser attenuation in the horizontal transmission path, and use the results of Modtran software to verify the correctness of the calculation results. The results show that the laser transmittance decreases with the increase of rainfall and transmission distance, and the greater the rainfall, the faster the decrease of transmission rate. These conclusions provide a theoretical basis for the selection of the target detection system in different rainfall environment emission system power and receiving system accuracy.