目的　探讨儿童股骨干骨折手术与非手术的疗效。方法　根据儿童股骨干骨折的具体情况 ,采用牵引闭合手法复位或硬膜外麻醉下行手术切开复位内固定术。结果　非手术治疗 141例 ,随访 12 1例 ;手术治疗 46例 ,随访 2 1例。骨折均达到牢固愈合 ,肢体功能恢复良好。结论　儿童股骨干骨折应尽量采取简单有效、损伤小的治疗方法 Objective To investigate the effects of surgical and non-surgical treatment of femoral shaft fractures in children. Methods According to the specific situation of femoral shaft fractures in children, the patients were treated by traction and closed reduction or epidural anesthesia underwent open reduction and internal fixation. Results Non-surgical treatment of 141 cases, followed up 12 1 cases; 46 cases of surgical treatment, followed up 21 cases. Fractures have reached a solid healing, limb function recovered well. Conclusion Children’s femoral shaft fractures should be treated as simple and effective as possible with less damage