目的分析天津市首例人感染H7N9禽流感病例的流行病学特征,为科学防控提供依据。方法开展个案流行病学调查,了解病例的发病就诊情况、感染来源和途径、暴露的危险因素等,对密切接触者开展医学观察,开展外环境监测和强化监测等工作。采用Real-time PCR法对病毒核酸进行分型鉴定。结果结合病例临床表现、流行病学史和实验室检测结果,确诊为天津市首例人感染H7N9禽流感确诊病例。病例有明确的禽类接触史。确定密切接触者90人,经过为期1周的医学观察,无人出现发热、咳嗽等呼吸道症状,实验室检测未发现H7N9禽流感病毒感染。强化监测共报告流感样病例270例、严重急性呼吸道感染病例35例,未发现禽流感病毒核酸阳性者。采集病家周边外环境标本65份、附近活禽市场标本5份,均未检出H7N9禽流感病毒。结论本例禽流感病例感染来源不明。H7N9禽流感目前尚无人际间传播的证据,各部门的联防联控是疫情防控的关键。 Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of the first human case of H7N9 bird flu in Tianjin and provide the basis for scientific prevention and control. Methods To carry out a case epidemiological survey to understand the onset and treatment of cases, the sources and routes of infection, the risk factors of exposure and so on, to carry out medical observation on close contacts and carry out external environment monitoring and intensive monitoring. Real-time PCR method was used to identify the virus nucleic acid. Results Combined with the clinical manifestations, epidemiological history and laboratory test results, it was diagnosed as the first confirmed case of H7N9 bird flu in Tianjin. Cases have a clear history of bird exposure. 90 people were confirmed to have close contacts. After one week of medical observation, no one had any respiratory symptoms such as fever and cough. No H7N9 bird flu virus was found in laboratory tests. A total of 270 cases of influenza-like illness, 35 cases of severe acute respiratory infection, and no positive cases of avian influenza virus nucleic acid were found. Sixty-five peripheral samples collected from patients and five samples from live poultry nearby were collected. No H7N9 bird flu virus was detected. Conclusion The source of this case of bird flu infection is unknown. H7N9 bird flu currently no inter-person transmission of evidence, joint prevention and control of all departments is the key to prevention and control of the epidemic.