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目的分析脑卒中住院患者人口学特征及住院费用构成情况,为脑卒中的防治提供方向与指导。方法对2013—2015年广州市越秀区内二级以上医院脑卒中病例基本情况和住院费用进行描述流行病学分析。结果共收集有效脑卒中住院病例24 957例,82.6%(20 617/24 957)为脑梗死病例,平均住院天数为(14.31±9.72)d,病例中男性15 469例,女性9 488例,男女性别比为1.63∶1,平均年龄为(70.96±13.34)岁,以汉族(占91.6%,22 861/24 957)、离退休人员(64.5%,16 097/24 957)、已婚(94.1%,23 485/24 957)和≥65岁老年人(69.9%,14 617/20 900)为主。病例住院总费用中位数为15 092.23元,56.1%是药费。蛛网膜下腔出血的患者住院费用中位数为46 757.13元,脑出血患者17 853.31元,脑梗死患者为14 611.53元,其他非创伤性颅内出血和难分类脑卒中患者为16 732.73元,不同类型脑卒中患者住院费用中位数差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论脑卒中是一类具有严重危害和经济负担沉重的疾病,应着重注意重点人群如老年、男性的健康管理,同时针对年轻人群应加强脑卒中疾病预防与健康教育工作。
Objective To analyze the demographic characteristics and hospitalization costs of inpatients with stroke and provide direction and guidance for the prevention and treatment of stroke. Methods Descriptive epidemiological analysis of the basic situation and hospitalization expenses of stroke patients in Grade II and above hospitals in Yuexiu District of Guangzhou City during 2013-2015. Results A total of 24 957 hospitalized stroke patients were collected, 82.6% (20 617/24 957) were cerebral infarction patients and the average length of hospital stay was (14.31 ± 9.72) days. There were 15 469 males and 9 488 females The sex ratio was 1.63:1, with an average age of (70.96 ± 13.34) years. Han (91.6%, 22 861/24 957), retired staff (64.5%, 16 097/24 957), married (94.1% , 23 485/24 957) and ≥65 years of age (69.9%, 14 617/20 900). Median total cost of hospitalization was 15 092.23 yuan, 56.1% was drug. The median cost of hospitalization for patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage was 46,757.13 yuan, 17 853.31 yuan for patients with cerebral hemorrhage, 14 611.53 yuan for patients with cerebral infarction, and 16 732.73 yuan for other non-traumatic intracranial hemorrhage and difficult-to-class stroke patients The median difference in hospitalization costs among stroke patients was statistically significant (P <0.01). Conclusions Stroke is a kind of diseases with serious harm and heavy economic burden. It is necessary to pay attention to the health management of key population such as the elderly and males. At the same time, stroke prevention and health education should be strengthened for young people.