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目的探讨新疆乌鲁木齐维汉族碘营养状况、甲状腺结节流行情况及碘营养与甲状腺结节的相关性。方法对乌鲁木齐地区2251名社区居民,其中维吾尔族804例,汉族1031例成人进行体格检查及问卷调查,测定尿碘,进行甲状腺B超检查。结果 11835例尿碘中位数是133.41μg/L,碘缺乏594例(32.37%),碘适量788例(42.94%),碘超足量265例(14.44%),碘过量187例(10.19%),尿碘水平汉族高于维族(Z=-2.797,P=0.005),男女差异无统计学意义(Z=-1.296,P=0.195);2甲状腺结节检出率维汉族差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.01,P=0.915);女性显著高于男性(χ2=72.86,P<0.01)。甲状腺结节检出率碘过量组高于碘适量组(P=0.020)和碘缺乏组(P=0.040),与超足量组无差别,且民族、性别内差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);3维汉、男女单发均多于多发结节,但无论民族、性别,患不同类型甲状腺结节人群的尿碘含量差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论目前乌鲁木齐维汉两族人群碘营养水平处于适宜范围。甲状腺结节发生率较低,女性多于男性,且结节发生率与尿碘梯度有关。单发结节多于多发结节,无论民族、性别,不同类型结节与尿碘水平无相关性。
Objective To investigate the iodine nutrition status, the prevalence of thyroid nodules and the relationship between iodine nutrition and thyroid nodules in Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. Methods Totally 2251 community residents in Urumqi, including 804 Uygur nationality and 1031 Han nationality were examined by physical examination and questionnaire. Urinary iodine was measured and thyroid ultrasound examination was performed. Results The median of urinary iodine was 133.41μg / L in 11835 cases, 594 cases (32.37%) of iodine deficiency, 788 cases (42.94%) of iodine, 265 cases (14.44%) of iodine excess and 187 cases (10.19% (Z = -2.797, P = 0.005). There was no significant difference between men and women (Z = -1.296, P = 0.195). 2 The detection rate of thyroid nodules was not statistically different between the Han and Uygur ethnic groups Significance (χ2 = 0.01, P = 0.915); women were significantly higher than males (χ2 = 72.86, P <0.01). The detection rate of thyroid nodules in iodine excess group was higher than that in iodine appropriate group (P = 0.020) and iodine deficiency group (P = 0.040), no difference with super overdose group, and there was no significant difference in ethnicity and gender (P> 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in urinary iodine content in patients with different types of thyroid nodules regardless of ethnicity or gender (P> 0.05). Conclusions At present, the iodine nutrition level of the two ethnic groups in Urumqi and Uygur and Han is within the appropriate range. Lower incidence of thyroid nodules, more women than men, and the incidence of nodules and urinary iodine gradient. Single nodules than multiple nodules, regardless of ethnicity, gender, different types of nodules and urinary iodine levels were not related.