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本文简要地介绍了拉压样品台的试验方法及在拉压应力下影响GCr15钢破坏的组织或缺陷因素。观察表明,在拉应力状态下,裂纹优先于网状析出物形核并沿网状扩展,造成低应力沿晶破坏,即材料破坏有明显的 网状析出敏感性。在压应力状态下,网状虽然仍是材料破坏的主要威胁,但在比较接近的应力水平下,其它缺陷甚至包括晶内的颗状碳化物也会参加破断过程。分析表明,清除网状和大尺寸缺陷(包括碳化物和非金属夹杂物),使碳化物均匀弥散析出是阻止裂纹形核扩展和提高材料强韧性的重要途径。附图14幅,参考文献5篇。
This paper briefly introduces the test methods of tension and compression specimen stage and the microstructure or defect factors that affect the destruction of GCr15 steel under tension and compression stress. The observation shows that under tensile stress, cracks preferentially nucleate and propagate along the network, resulting in low-stress intergranular damage, ie, the material has obvious net-like precipitation sensitivity. In the state of compressive stress, although the mesh is still the main threat to the material damage, other defects, including the intragranular granular carbides, participate in the breaking process even at relatively close stress levels. The analysis shows that removing meshes and large size defects (including carbide and non-metallic inclusions) and uniformly dispersing carbides is an important way to prevent the crack nucleation from expanding and enhancing the material’s toughness. Figure 14, reference 5 articles.