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1993年,我们院接受了设计福州市盲童学校(图1)的任务,在这项工程设计中,我们严格按照国家教委颁布的《特殊教育学校建筑设计标准》和国家建设部、民政部、残疾人联合会联合颁布的方便残疾人使用的城市道路和建筑物设计规范进行设计。现就福州盲校的设计谈谈这方面的体会。 一、充分认识盲校的特点,理解盲童的生理和行为特征 盲校与普通的中小学相比有以下几个特点; 1.规模较大,但人数很少。象福州盲校是24班规模,可每班只有12～15人,总人数只有300人左右,仅为同规模普通小学的1/3。按定额,生均占地面积、生均校舍建筑面积也相差很大。如
In 1993, our institute accepted the task of designing the Fuzhou Blind Children’s School (Figure 1). In this project design, we strictly followed the “Special Education School Architectural Design Standard” promulgated by the State Education Commission and the Ministry of Construction and the Ministry of Civil Affairs. The Disabled Persons’ Federation has jointly promulgated design specifications for urban roads and buildings that are accessible to persons with disabilities. Let us talk about this experience in the design of the Fuzhou Blind School. 1. Fully understand the characteristics of blind school and understand the physiological and behavioral characteristics of blind children. Compared with ordinary primary and secondary schools, blind schools have the following characteristics: 1. Large scale, but few in number. The Fuzhou Blind School is a class of 24 classes, but it can only have 12 to 15 students per class. The total number of students is only about 300, which is only 1/3 of that of ordinary elementary schools of the same scale. According to the quota, there is a big difference between the average floor area and the average area of the school building. Such as