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目的探讨8周低氧训练对肥胖大学生体成分和有氧耐力相关指标的影响,为改善肥胖大学体成分以及有氧耐力提供参考。方法选取山东科技大学自愿参与研究的肥胖大学生18名,其中对照组和试验组各9名,对照组进行每日60 min,每周5次,持续8周的功率自行车训练干预,运动强度为65%~75%最大摄氧量,试验组在低氧环境(氧浓度为14.7%)下进行相同条件的干预。结果经8周训练干预后,试验组体重、体脂、肌肉质量分别为96.62 kg,54.81%,26.89%,较干预前差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05),对照组变化不明显(P值均>0.05);试验组红细胞计数、血红蛋白含量分别为5.80×10~8个/L、147 g/L,均高于干预前(t值分别为,P值均<0.05),对照组红细胞计数、血红蛋白含量较干预前差异均无统计学意义(P值均>0.05);实验组最大摄氧量水平和3 000 m跑成绩分别为54.83 m L/(kg·min~(-1)),858.33 s,较干预前均提高(t值分别为,P值均<0.05),而对照组差异无统计学意义(P值均>0.05)。结论相比于常氧环境下的训练干预,每日60 min,每周5日,持续8周的65%~75%最大摄氧量强度的低氧训练干预更有利于降低肥胖大学生的体重、体脂,增加肌肉质量,提高有氧耐力水平。
Objective To investigate the effects of 8-week hypoxia training on body composition and aerobic endurance-related indicators in obese university students, and to provide references for the improvement of body composition and aerobic endurance in obese university. Methods A total of 18 obese students volunteered to participate in the study were selected from Shandong University of Science and Technology. Nine of them were control and experimental groups. The control group was given 60 minutes per day and five times a week for eight weeks. The exercise intensity was 65 % ~ 75% of the maximum oxygen uptake, the experimental group in the low oxygen environment (oxygen concentration of 14.7%) under the same conditions intervention. Results After 8 weeks training intervention, the body weight, body fat and muscle mass of the experimental group were 96.62 kg, 54.81% and 26.89%, respectively, which were significantly different from those before the intervention (P <0.05) (P> 0.05). The red blood cell count and hemoglobin of the experimental group were 5.80 × 10 ~ 8 / L and 147 g / L, respectively, which were higher than those before the intervention (t = There was no significant difference in red blood cell count and hemoglobin before intervention (P> 0.05). The maximum oxygen uptake level and the 3 000 m run of the experimental group were 54.83 m L / (kg · min -1 ), 858.33 s respectively, which were significantly higher than those before intervention (t values were respectively, P <0.05). There was no significant difference in the control group (P> 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Compared with training intervention in normoxia environment, hypoxia training intervention of 65% -75% of the maximum oxygen uptake intensity at 60 min daily, 5 days a week, and 8 consecutive weeks is more beneficial to reduce the body weight of obese students, Body fat, increase muscle mass, improve aerobic endurance levels.