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目的:重症医师对入住重症监护室（ICU）失代偿性血吸虫性肝硬化（decompensated schistosomiasis cirrhosis, DSC）患者的认识和治疗经验相对不足，而对失代偿性酒精性肝硬化（decompensated alcoholic cirrhosis, DAC）认识相对较多。为此，本研究比较入住ICU的DSC和DAC患者的临床特征及预后。方法:回顾性分析本院和衢州市人民医院在2013年1月至2019年5月期间入住ICU的DSC和DAC患者，记录和分析两组基本资料、实验室检查、肝功能、Child-Pugh分级、并发症、超声影像学特征及胃镜检查结果以及预后。结果:共收集DSC患者30例（男12例，女18例），年龄为57~88岁；DAC患者31例，均为男性，年龄为41~75岁。与DAC患者相比，DSC患者更易合并冠心病，而黄疸发生、低钠血症、肝性脑病以及呼吸机使用比例均显著降低（P均0.05）。与DAC患者相比，DSC患者B超更多表现为斑片状及弥漫性回声改变和肝脏体积缩小（n P0.05）。经过治疗后，两组患者消化道出血停止时间[1.75(1~2.375) dn vs. 1.25(0.5~4.125) d]、ICU入住时间[(3.82±1.99) d n vs. (4.96±3.58) d]以及28 d病死率[18.18% n vs. 14.29%]，差异无统计学意义（n P均>0.05）。n 结论:总体上，入住ICU失代偿性血吸虫性肝硬化与失代偿性酒精性肝硬化患者临床特征、生化指标与辅助检查结果如超声和胃镜等相似；经过积极治疗，两者预后均较好。“,”Objective:Intensive physicians have relatively insufficient knowledge and experience in treating patients with decompensated schistosomiasis cirrhosis (DSC) admitted in intensive care unit (ICU), but are relatively familiar with patients with decompensated alcoholic cirrhosis (DAC). For this purpose, the clinical characteristics and prognosis of these patients were compared and analyzed.Methods:A retrospective analysis was performed from January 2013 to May 2019 in our hospital and Quzhou People’s hospital. The demographic data, laboratory examination, liver function, Child-Pugh classification, complications of cirrhosis, ultrasonic imaging gastroscopy manifestations were recorded and analyzed. In addition, the treatments and prognosis were also compared.Results:A total of 30 patients (12 males and 18 females) with DSC (aged 57-88) and 31 patients with DAC (aged 41-75) were collected. Compared with patients with DAC, DSC patients were more likely to have coronary heart disease, lower proportion of hyponatremia and lower need of ventilator support. Although the incidences of jaundice and hepatic encephalopathy were significantly reduced (n P0.05). B-mode ultrasound of liver in patients with DSC displayed more proportion of patchy and diffuse echo changes and liver volume reduction (n P0.05). In addition, the length of ICU stay in DAC group was similar to DSC group [(4.96±3.58) days n vs. (3.82±1.99) days], so did the 28-day mortality [14.29% (2/14) n vs. 18.18% (2/11)] (both n P>0.05).n Conclusions:In genenal, patients with decompensated schistosomiasis cirrhosis have the similar clinical characteristics, major biochemical indicators and accessory examination results like ultrasound and gastroscopic examinations to patients with decompensated alcoholic cirrhosis. After timely treatments, both of these patients could achieve a good prognosis.