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目的:探讨肾移植术后尿路感染的发生时间、主要病原菌、耐药性及抗感染治疗方案,为临床诊治提供参考。方法:将2013年1月-2015年12月因肾移植术后尿路感染来某院就诊的59例患者作为研究对象,对其临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果:肾移植术后尿路感染的发生时间主要集中在术后6个月内,占88.14%。病原体主要为细菌和病毒,其中革兰阴性菌感染42例,占65.63%,革兰阳性菌感染11例,占17.19%,巨细胞病毒感染8例,占12.50%,真菌感染3例,占4.69%。经验性抗感染治疗药物主要包括哌拉西林他唑巴坦、头孢哌酮舒巴坦等。结论:肾移植术后尿路感染的发生率较高,需引起重视,应根据患者的具体情况,合理用药,提高治愈率。
Objective: To investigate the time of urinary tract infection after renal transplantation, the main pathogens, drug resistance and anti-infective treatment programs, provide a reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment. Methods: From January 2013 to December 2015, 59 cases of urinary tract infection after renal transplantation hospitalized as a research object, the clinical data were retrospectively analyzed. Results: The incidence of urinary tract infection after renal transplantation mainly occurred within 6 months after operation, accounting for 88.14%. The main pathogens were bacteria and viruses, including 42 cases of Gram-negative bacteria, accounting for 65.63%, 11 cases of Gram-positive bacteria infection, accounting for 17.19%, 8 cases of cytomegalovirus infection accounting for 12.50%, 3 cases of fungal infection accounting for 4.69 %. Empirical anti-infective drugs include piperacillin and tazobactam, cefoperazone sulbactam and so on. Conclusion: The incidence of urinary tract infection after renal transplantation is high, which needs attention. According to the specific conditions of patients, rational use of drugs should be taken to improve the cure rate.