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卡拉苏河是天山南麓的渭干河主要源流之一,在渭干河流域属于较小的河流,但是卡拉苏河的水文特性具有与其余较大支流不同的特点,了解卡拉苏河水文特性具有重要意义。从流域概况、降水、气温、径流、洪水、冰川及泥沙等方面对卡拉苏河水文特性进行了分析。结果表明,卡拉苏河降水年内和年际变差系数分别为0.73和0.35,说明流域降水年内不均匀,年际变化较为平稳;气温线性变化率为0.59℃/10a;径流的年内变差系数为1.03,年际变差系数为0.236,说明河流径流量年内分配极为不均,而年际变化极为稳定;特大洪水主要集中在7月份,冰川面积在缩小。
The Karasu River is one of the main source of the Weigan River in the south of Tianshan, and belongs to the smaller river in the Weigan River basin. However, the hydrological characteristics of the Karasu River are different from the other larger tributaries, so as to understand the hydrological characteristics of the Karasu River It is of great significance. The hydrological characteristics of the Karasu River are analyzed from the aspects of basin, precipitation, temperature, runoff, flood, glacier and sediment. The results show that the annual and annual variation coefficients of the Karasu River are 0.73 and 0.35, respectively, which indicates that the rainfall in the basin is not uniform during the year and the annual variation is relatively stable. The linear variation rate of temperature is 0.59 ℃ / 10a. The variation coefficient of annual runoff is 1.03 and the coefficient of interannual variation was 0.236, indicating that the distribution of river runoff was extremely uneven throughout the year and the interannual variation was extremely stable. The major floods were mainly concentrated in July and the glacier area was shrinking.