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句法歧义消解是指在面临多种句法分析的情况下,句法分析器抑制不正确的句法分析而选择正确句法分析的认知过程。研究表明,该过程受到工作记忆、认知控制、语言分布频率、语境、韵律等因素的影响。研究者们建构了诸如花园路径模型、约束满意理论、弱交互作用句法分析理论等模型,旨在揭示句法消歧的认知机制。另外,基于脑成像研究表明,左侧额下回、左侧颞叶后部、中部和前部在句法消歧任务中都有显著激活。未来研究当围绕着句法消歧中的语义效应、句法和词汇歧义消解机制的异同、句法消歧中抑制能力的效应等方面展开。
Syntactic ambiguity resolution refers to the face of a variety of syntactic analysis, the syntax analyzer to suppress incorrect syntactic analysis and select the correct syntax analysis of the cognitive process. The research shows that the process is affected by such factors as working memory, cognitive control, language distribution frequency, context and rhythm. Researchers have constructed such models as Garden Path Model, Constraint Satisfaction Theory and Weak Interaction Syntactic Analysis Theory to reveal the cognitive mechanism of syntactic disambiguation. In addition, brain-imaging studies have shown that the left inferior frontal gyrus, the posterior temporal lobe, the middle and anterior lobes of the left temporal lobe have significant activation in the task of syntactic disambiguation. Future researches focus on the semantic effects of syntactic disambiguation, the similarities and differences between syntactic and lexical disambiguation mechanisms, and the effects of disruptive capabilities in syntactic disambiguation.