在任何一个社会,都有社会的共同需要。这些共同需要表现出“公共性”特征。在市场经济条件下,“公共性”是相对于市场而言的。市场是社会经济生活的基础,凡是市场能有效发挥作用的地方,就意味着可以依靠个人的力量来配置资源,并向社会提供各种产品和服务。这就是私人领域。而在市场不能有效发挥作用的领域,就意味着必须依靠政府的力量来配置资源,并向社会提供所需的产品和服务,这表现为公共领 In any society, there is a common social need. These common needs show a “public character.” In a market economy, “publicity ” is relative to the market. The market is the basis of social and economic life. Where the market can effectively play its role, it means that resources can be allocated on the basis of individual strength and various products and services provided to the community. This is the private sphere. In areas where markets can not function effectively, it means relying on the power of the government to allocate resources and provide the community with the products and services they need, as evidenced by public