目的对江西省艾滋病病毒1型(HIV1)感染者进行基因亚型分析,了解HIV1的流行情况、亚型种类、毒株来源及其变异特征等,为政府部门预防控制决策提供技术资料。方法传统流行病学与分子流行病学相结合,对江西省27例HIV1感染者进行流行病学相关因素分析和基因序列、系统进化树分析。结果江西省HIV1感染人群中流行的毒株主要为HIV1CRF01AE,占6897%(20/29),其次为泰国B(B’)、CRF07BC、C三种亚型。序列分析表明,20份样品与泰国代表株相近,与CRF01AETH90CM240平均基因距离为947±271;3份样品与我国BC重组代表株相近,与BC重组代表株(CRF07BCCN97C54A)平均基因距离为566±241;3份样品与BCNRL42相近,与代表株BCNRL42平均基因距离为502±103;1份样品与印度代表株(CIN95IN21068)相近,基因距离为1299。而与已知的其它亚型国际参考株间的平均基因距离都在20%以上。系统进化树分析表明,27份样品与其相应的亚型共享序列聚集在一起,并远离其它国际参考株。吸毒人群中几乎全为HIV1CRF01AE,组内基因距离293±140(n=13),经性传播的四种亚型均有。结论目前江西省HIV1感染者中流行毒株为CRF01AE、CRF07BC、泰国B(B′)、C四种亚型,以CRF01AE为主。CRF01AE主要在吸毒人群中传播,局部爆发或流行时间大约有2年半左右,江西省HIV流行已 Objective To analyze the genotypes of HIV1 infected people in Jiangxi Province, understand the prevalence of HIV1, the type of subtype, the origin of the strains and their variation characteristics, and provide technical information for prevention and control decision of government departments. Methods Combining traditional epidemiology and molecular epidemiology, epidemiological analysis of 27 HIV-1-infected persons in Jiangxi Province was carried out and their gene sequences and phylogenetic tree were analyzed. Results The predominant strains of HIV1CRF01AE in HIV-1 infected population in Jiangxi Province were 6897% (20/29), followed by Thailand B (B ’), CRF07BC and C subtypes. Sequence analysis showed that 20 samples were close to the representative strain of Thailand and the average genetic distance to CRF01AETH90CM240 was 947 ± 271. The 3 samples were similar to BC recombinant strains in China and the mean genetic distance to BC recombinant strains (CRF07BCCN97C54A) was 566 ± 241. Three samples were similar to BCNRL42 and the mean genetic distance to representative strain BCNRL42 was 502 ± 103. One sample was similar to the Indian representative strain (CIN95IN21068) with a gene distance of 1299. The mean genetic distance to other known international isolates of other subtypes was above 20%. Phylogenetic tree analysis showed that 27 samples were clustered with their corresponding subtype shared sequences and far away from other international reference strains. Almost all drug users were HIV1CRF01AE, with genomic distances within the group of 293 ± 140 (n = 13), all of the four subtypes sexually transmitted. Conclusions Currently, the predominant strains of HIV1 in Jiangxi Province are CRF01AE, CRF07BC, Thailand B (B ’) and C, with the majority being CRF01AE. CRF01AE is mainly spread among drug users, with local outbreaks or prevalences of about two and a half years or so, with HIV prevalence in Jiangxi Province