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本文使用中国健康与营养调查数据,在健康的社会分层模式下探讨城市人口健康的性别公平问题。研究集中在两个方面:一是健康的总体性别差异、不同社会阶层的健康性别差异和同一性别内部不同社会阶层的健康差异;二是分析社会经济的性别不平等和健康行为上的性别差异对健康性别差异的解释力度。研究指出,中国城市人口健康存在显著的性别不平等现象,男性健康水平要好于女性。健康性别不平等不仅存在于所有社会阶层之中,而且呈“倒U型”分布。人口健康的性别差异主要是由于不同性别在社会经济地位上的差异造成的,女性处于明显的弱势地位。从这个角度讲,健康的性别不公平实质上是男女社会地位不平等的体现。
This article uses data from the China Health and Nutrition Survey to explore gender equity in urban population health in a healthy social stratification model. The research is focused on two aspects: one is the overall gender difference in health, the healthy gender differences in different social strata and the health differences among different social strata in the same gender; the second is to analyze the gender differences in social economy and the gender differences in healthy behaviors Interpretation of health-related gender differences. The study pointed out that there is a significant gender inequality in the health of Chinese urban population, and the health status of men is better than that of women. Health gender inequality exists not only among all social classes, but also as an “inverted U” distribution. The gender differences in population health are mainly due to differences in socio-economic status of different genders, with women in a clearly disadvantaged position. From this perspective, healthy gender inequality is essentially a manifestation of inequality in the social status of men and women.