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在新中国的历史上,调整文化政策影响最大的是20世纪60年代初期和70年代中期这两次。60年代初的文化政策调整是一次全面、自觉的调整,调整从调查研究入手,以调整知识分子政策为关键,注意解决“红专关系”、“双百”方针问题,制定了《科学十四条》、《高教六十条》和《文艺八条》等科学、教育、文艺领域的一系列条例,这些条例的制定是调整取得成果的标志;1975年文化政策的调整是在特殊条件下进行的一场尖锐复杂的斗争,文艺、科技、教育三个领域的调整方式方法特殊,结果也有差异,调整的关键在于分清是非、划清界限,文艺领域的调整取得了一定的成效,科学、教育方面分别写出了汇报提纲,但由于“反击右倾翻案风”运动,整顿被迫中断。两次文化政策的调整,对先进文化的建设和发展提供了宝贵的经验。
In the history of New China, the two most influential adjustments in cultural policies were the early 1960s and the mid-1970s. The adjustment of cultural policies in the early 1960s was a comprehensive and conscious adjustment and adjustment. It started with the investigation and study, adjusted the policy of intellectuals as the key issue, and paid attention to resolving the “red special relationship” and “double hundred” guidelines and formulated The “Science 14”, “Higher Education 60” and “Arts 8” and other science, education, literature and art in the field of a series of regulations, the formulation of these regulations is to adjust the results obtained; in 1975 the adjustment of cultural policy is special The key to readjustment lies in distinguishing right from wrong, drawing a clear line of demarcation, and the readjustment in the field of literature and art has yielded some results. In the meantime, Science and education, respectively, to write out the outline of the report, but because of “counter-right over the wind” movement, rectification was forced to interrupt. The adjustment of the two cultural policies has provided valuable experience in the construction and development of advanced culture.