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目的分析邢台市2013~2014年疑似预防接种异常反应(adverse events following immunization,AEFI)发生情况,为评价疫苗的安全性提供科学依据。方法通过中国疾病预防控制信息管理系统AEFI信息管理系统,收集邢台市2013~2014年AEFI个案数据,采用描述性流行病学方法对数据进行分析。结果 2013~2014年,邢台市报告AEFI分别为894和939例,县级覆盖率100%,48 h及时报告率和调查率均为100%。在报告的AEFI病例中,男性多于女性,≤2岁儿童占绝大多数。报告的AEFI以一般反应较多,并以一类疫苗为主,较多的为无细胞百日咳-白喉-破伤风联合疫苗、麻疹风疹联合减毒活疫苗、A群脑膜炎球菌多糖疫苗、乙型脑炎减毒活疫苗、冻干甲型肝炎减毒活疫苗等。异常反应中以过敏性皮疹、卡介苗淋巴结炎、血小板减少性紫癜发生率较高。结论我市疫苗安全性总体良好,但仍需提高AEFI监测质量,尤其是异常反应的监测能力。
Objective To analyze the occurrence of suspected acute respiratory infantile immunization (AEFI) in Xingtai from 2013 to 2014 and provide a scientific basis for evaluating the safety of the vaccine. Methods AEFI information management system of China’s disease prevention and control information system was used to collect the data of AEFI cases from 2013 to 2014 in Xingtai City and the data was analyzed by descriptive epidemiological method. Results From 2013 to 2014, Xingtai City reported 894 and 939 AEFI cases respectively. The coverage rate at county level was 100%. The reporting rate and survey rate at 48 h were both 100%. Of the reported AEFI cases, more males than females and ≤2 years of age were predominant. AEFI reported in the general response to more, and a class of vaccine-based, more for the acellular pertussis-diphtheria-tetanus vaccine, measles and rubella joint live attenuated vaccine, meningococcal group A polysaccharide vaccine, B Attenuated live encephalitis vaccine, freeze-dried live attenuated hepatitis A vaccine. Anomalous reactions to allergic rash, BCG lymphadenitis, thrombocytopenic purpura higher incidence. Conclusion The overall safety of the vaccine in our city is good, but the quality of AEFI monitoring, especially the monitoring ability of abnormal reaction, still needs to be improved.