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[目的]描述林州地区食管癌、贲门癌患者在住院治疗期间社会支持、焦虑及抑郁状况。[方法]采用临床心理评定量表中社会支持评价量表(SSRS)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)与抑郁自评表(SDS)对80例食管癌患者,32例贲门癌患者和80例健康对照进行心理调查。[结果]调查发现,肿瘤患者普遍存在严重的心理问题,食管癌患者焦虑、抑郁发生率分别为31.25%、85.00%,焦虑及抑郁得分为(42.03±9.83)分、(61.78±8.56)分,贲门癌患者焦虑、抑郁发生率为43.80%、93.80%,焦虑及抑郁得分为(44.69±10.52)分、(63.71±7.04)分,显著高于对照组焦虑[(33.64±5.75)分,P<0.001,P<0.001]、抑郁水平[(38.97±7.70)分,P<0.001,P<0.001]。社会支持方面,肿瘤患者的社会支持程度普遍低于对照组,其社会支持总分[食管癌(34.11±8.77)分、贲门癌(31.34±8.47)分]和社会支持利用率[食管癌(5.56±1.92)分、贲门癌(5.00±1.80)分]显著低于正常对照组[(37.40±5.43)分,(6.70±1.84)分,P=0.005,P<0.001];此外,焦虑心理与社会支持总分、主观社会支持、社会支持的利用率显著负相关(P<0.001),但与抑郁情绪无显著相关关系(P>0.05)。[结论 ]肿瘤患者在治疗过程中存在严重的焦虑、抑郁情绪,适当的社会支持可帮助肿瘤患者缓解焦虑、抑郁的情绪,减轻心理压力。
[Objective] To describe the social support, anxiety and depression of patients with esophageal cancer and cardia cancer during hospitalization in Linzhou area. [Methods] The SSRS, SAS and SDS were used to evaluate the clinical effect of 80 patients with esophageal cancer, 32 patients with cardiac cancer and 80 patients with cardiac cancer Healthy control psychological survey. [Results] The survey found that patients with cancer generally had serious psychological problems. The incidences of anxiety and depression in patients with esophageal cancer were 31.25% and 85.00%, respectively. The anxiety and depression scores were (42.03 ± 9.83) and (61.78 ± 8.56) The incidence of anxiety and depression in patients with cardia cancer was 43.80% and 93.80% respectively. The score of anxiety and depression were (44.69 ± 10.52) and (63.71 ± 7.04) points, significantly higher than that of the control group (33.64 ± 5.75), P < 0.001, P <0.001], depression ([38.97 ± 7.70], P <0.001, P <0.001]. In terms of social support, the social support of cancer patients was generally lower than that of the control group, with the scores of social support (34.11 ± 8.77 points for esophageal cancer and 31.34 ± 8.47 points for cardia cancer) and the utilization rate of social support [esophageal cancer (5.56 ± 1.92) and cardia cancer (5.00 ± 1.80) was significantly lower than that in the control group [(37.40 ± 5.43), (6.70 ± 1.84) points, P = 0.005, P <0.001). In addition, anxiety and social There was a significant negative correlation between support scores, subjective social support and social support (P <0.001), but no significant correlation with depression (P> 0.05). [Conclusion] The patients with cancer have serious anxiety and depression during the course of treatment. Appropriate social support can help patients with cancer to relieve the anxiety and depression and reduce the psychological stress.